The fundamental theme of Madhubani painting is that deep relationships exist between the trinity of nature, mythology, and the spiritual. Originating in Mithila in Bihar, this art mostly depicts stories from epics like the Ramayana and Mahabharata using rich portrayals of Hindu deities. The motifs are made up of goddess figures, animals, and foliage all seamlessly interwoven to evoke a story that will be a reflection of the culture from where an artist hails.

Indeed, the theme of fertility and abundance is another significant theme with Madhubani painting. Thousands of art pieces portray symbols such as a lotus, fish, and peacocks that depict prosperity as well as the cycle of life. Further on, rituals of marriage and importance of family are also strong themes that are often pictorially depicted with traditional ceremonies.

The main theme of Madhubani painting is to be the intricate confluence between religion, nature, and life, showing the deep bond between humans and their environment with messages given through love, devotion, and celebration.